Rotary engine



S. D. MASTER.

ROTARY EN'GlNE.

` APPucATlowFlLED 1uLY1|,1919.'RENEwED nEc.21. 1920. 1,385,880.

Patented July 26, 1921.`

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION man JULY 11,1919. RENEwED Dac. 21.11920.

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ROTARY ENGINE.

PPLICATION FILED IULY 11,1919- RENEWED DEC.

- A 21, 1920.y 1,385,880. PatentedJulyz, 1921. v 4 EEEEEEEEEEEE 3- gmwboz Marff/a//Vmter www a y S. D. MASTER.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED JULY 11,1919. RENEWED DEC. 27,1920.

1,385,880. Patented July 26, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- UNITED STATESl PATENT OFFICE.

SHAVERKSI-IA D. MASTER, 0F BOMBAY, INDIA.

ROTARY ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. A Patented July 26, 192i.

Application led July 11, 1919, Serial No. 310,037. Renewed December 27, 1920. Serial No. 433,427.

To @ZZ wlw/m, t may concern.'

Be it knownl that I, SHAvERKsi-IA Do- RABJI MASTER, a subject ef the King of England, residing at Bombay, India, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The general object of my present invention is the provision of a simple rotary engine that is reliable, in operation, is possessed of high capacity, and is susceptible of being controlled by one having little experience in steam engineering.

While designed more particularly to be actuated by steam, it is not to be understood that my invention is restricted to a steam engine, inasmuch as certain parts of my improvement may be embraced to advantage in compressed air and internal combustion engines.

With the foregoing in mind, theinvention in all of its detalls will be fully understood from the following description and claims, when the same are read in connection with the drawings, accompanying and forming part of this specification, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a rotary engine constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail section illustrative of the lubricating and oscillatory abutment. y

Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrative of the application of a spring to the said abutment.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail section showing the several members of the piston comprised in my novel engine.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic specifically referred to.

Fig. 6 is a detail section showing the manner in which the blades of the piston are connected with the shaft of the engine.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section illustrative of one of the oscillatory members carried by the piston body and receiving one of the piston blades. i

Fig. 8 is a detail, enlarged section showing the packed shoe on one piston blade.

F ig. 9 is a section taken at right angles to Fig. 8 and showing a different type of spring. u

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail section'illustrating a form of packing for the side edges of the piston body. a

Figs. 11, 12, 18 .and 14, are detail views View hereinafter of modifications hereinafter specifically referred to.

Similar numerals designate ing parts in Figs. l to 10, to ence will first be had.

Upon a bed 1 I fix and at its topI provide ing with a housing 3 in which is a filling aperture 4 for lubricant. The interior of the housing 3 is in communication with the interior of the casing 2, and in the said housing is arranged a hollow oscillatory abutment 5. The said abutment 5 is provided with an aperture 6 in its top larger than the aperture 4.-, in about the proportion illuscorrespondwhlch refera circular casing 2, the said circular castrated, and adapted to enable oil fed through the aperture 4 to enter the interior of the abutment. The inner face of the abutment 5 is slightly concave inthe direction of its width, as indicated by 7, and leading from the interior of the abutment 5 to the said face 7 are minute ducts 8 for the feed of oil to the perimeter of the rotary piston body 9, hereinafter described. One of the trunnions of the abutment 5 is provided with a crank l0, Fig. 3, and coperating with the said crank 10 is a spring 11 that coperates with the crank 10 in yieldingly holding the abutment against the perimeter of the piston body 9 at one side of the abutment. In this manner a permanent joint is effected between the piston body 9 and the abutment 5.

It will be manifest from the foregoing that the abutment 5 serves a two-fold function, and in that way contributes to the simplicity and efliciency of the engine.

The circular piston body 9 is arranged eccentrically to the engine shaft 12 which is journaled in the side walls or heads of the casing 2 and may be provided withva flywheel and'with a band pulley or other driving medium, though I have not deemed it necessary to illustrate these last named elements. Within the casing 2 the shaft 12 is provided with sockets 13 eachof which describes more than half of a circle, and in the said sockets 13 are disposed circular journals 14 at the inner ends of piston blades 15, whereby as will be readily understood the piston blades are fxedly and strongly connected of themselves to the shaft 12 without the assistance of extraneous means.

Journaled in the circular wall of the piston body 9 so as to oscillate about their axes theremare rocking members 16 which in Vaddition to their oscillatory capacity are adapted -to slide upon the `piston blades 15 with a view to carrying the piston blades around with the body 9 without interfering with the rotation of the body 9 or the sliding of the members 16 on the blades 15, and without permitting the passage of lsteam or other'fluid under pressure from the space .17' between the circular body 9 and the circular wall of the casing 2., j

At opposite sides of the housing 3. are ports 18y and 19 `for the admission and eX- hausty of fluid under pressure. Y

'Ihe side edges of the piston body 9 are packed after the vmanner clearly illustrated in Fig. 10.V `By, reference to Fig. 1() it will be observed thateach edge of the piston body 9 is provided with a circular groove 2O in opposition to. one sidewall or head 21 of the casing 2, yand in the said groove 29 is arranged a hollow body 22., preferably of sheet steel' and with itsedges 23 separated. The said hollow body 22 is connected by screws 24 lwith the piston body, and in the same is packed a mass of asbestos 25, which by reason of. its resiliency or elasticity 'isdesigned to: press the free portions of the hollow body 22 against the head 21, and 30 Vthereby adequately pack the. piston body without the creation of unduefriction. When both edges of therircular'piston body 9 are packed in the manner described, it will be manifest that the escape of steamer other fluidiinder pressure from the spaceV 17 to the space withinA the circular body .9 will be rendered practically nil. Y

"At this point I would have it understood l that the peculiar and advantageous packing Y expedient,

means shown in iFig. 10 may', when deemed be usedf between the side edges of the piston blades'15 and the heads or sides 17` of theV casing 2.

At their outer ends the piston blades 15 are provided with shoes 3() that extend in the direction of rotation and are exteriorly curved inconformity to the circular wall' of the casing 2. In the said shoes 30 are pockets 31, and' movable in the said pockets and opposed to the circular wall of the casing 2 are packing members 32, each of which is backed by onel or more springs 33 in order toyieldingly press the saidmembers 32 outwardly and thereby prevent the escape of steam orother fluid under pressure past the packed piston-blade. The springsinay be of coilV type as shown in Fig. 8, or of the form shown iny Fig. 9, as desired.

In the practicaluse of my novel engine it will be observed that Veither ofthe apertures 18 or 19 may be employed as the induction port and'theotheraperture as an eduction `ports n yis employed as the induction port.

that the oscillatory abutment 5 is adapted to accommodate itself to the direction of rotation of the piston and serve adequately as a cut-off or separating means between the l18 and 19 irrespective of which port In Fig. 11'I show a modified means for packing the shoes of the rpiston blades. By referencel to Fig. 11 it. will be readily understood that the shoe 30a is `providedwith packing members 3.2a and 23a', while between the said members 23a and 32'b1 is interposed a rocking-packing member 40 betweenV a shoulder of which and the recesswall in theV shoe is interposed a spring 41. The packing member 40 is adapted to oscillate with a view to serving efficiently irrespective of theV direction in which the shoe is moved. The packing member 32;L is backed by a spring 42, and the pack-ing member-22a is of the gener-al typeof the packing member 22 shown in Fig, 10; the. said member 22ar being designed to be filled Awith compressed asbestos .as ,shown and to be yieldinglyV pressed by the resiliency of the saidl asbestos against the opposed circular casing. Y

In Fig. 12 I show a modified packing for the side edges ofthe piston blades. In the construction of said figure, the blade 9a is provided in its edge with a recess 50 in which is disposed an oscillatory and shouldered packingmember 51, between the shoulder 52 of which and the piston blade isv located a spring 5.3 designed to yieldingly press one portion of the members 51 against the casing head, and thereby improve the packing quality` of the member 51. j

In Fig. 13 the piston blade 9b is recessed at 60 and is designed to carry a packing wall of themember or strip 61, backed by asbestos `62V y or other resilient material under tension. i As shown in Fig. 11, a plurality of regulatingv cocks 70 are carried on the'circular wall ofthe casing 2 and are connected with the interior of the said casing. These cocks are stationary and onel or the other isfused accordin to the cut-off desired, the cut-off being in icated by A, C, A", A2, B, B" and B2 in Fig. 5. Y y 'y In Fig. 14 I showv a modified packing which may be employed to advantage inthe piston blade shoes or in the side edges of the piston body in the discretion of the manufacturer of' the engine. Ther saidpacking comprises two membersSO arranged Vside by side in interlocked relation and disposedV in recess 81, interposed spring means 82 calculated 'to yieldingly -crowdfthe members 8O against the .wall of the recess, and spring means 83 arranged to yieldingly press, the membersSO outwardly unit. 5 Y

Y It will be apparent from ,the foregoing thatA I have, provided a simple. and inexpensive construction of rotaryengine in which engine friction is averted Without seriously impairing the eiliciency of the engine.

aving described my invention, What I' claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

l. In a. rotary engine, the combination of a circular casing, a circular piston body disposed eccentrically inV the casing, a housing in communication with the casing in close proximity te the perimeter or' the piston body and having a filling aperture for lubricant, and an oscillatory hollow abutment opposed to the perimeter of the piston body and adapted to lubricate the same and having an aperture in registration with the firstnamed aperture.

2. In a rotary engine, the combination of a circular casing, a circular piston body disposed eccentric'ally in the casing, a housing in communication with the casing in close proximity to the perimeter of the piston body and having a filling aperture for lubricant, an oscillatory abutment opposed to the perimeter of the piston body and adapted to lubricate the same and having an aperture in registration With the first-named aperture, a crank fixed With respect to said abutment, and a spring cooperating with said crank for yieldingly pressing a portion of the abutment against the perimeter of the piston body.

3. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, a rotary hollow piston body located eccentrically in the casing, a shaft enter of the piston body, oscillatory members mounted in the Wall of the piston body, and piston blades connected withV the shaft and slidably arranged in the oscillatory members and having outer portions opposed to the inner side ot the casing; the said shaft having circular sockets, and the piston blades being journaled with their inner ends disposed in said sockets and retained by the socket walls describing more than halves of circles.

4;. The combination in a rotary engine, or' a shaft having longitudinal sockets of circular form that extend in the direction of its length, describe more than half of a circle, and are open at the perimeter of the shaft, and piston blades having journal portions of circular form in cross-section disposed in said sockets.

5. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing circular in form, a piston in the casing and having blades with shoes opposed to the circular Wall of the casing, auxiliary spring-pressed packing` members carried in the shoes, and oscillatory yieldingly-pressed packing members carried in the shoes and opposed to the circular Wall of the casing and spaced from the said auxiliary, springpressed packing members and opposed to the circular Wall of the casing.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature.

SHAiVERKSHA D. MASTER.

arranged centrally of the casing and oil the 35 

